What Are Overhead Cranes and Hoists?

Overhead cranes and hoists are important material handling solutions used in industrial applications to lift, move, and position heavy objects safely and efficiently. While the terms are sometimes used interchangeably, they serve very different purposes in lifting operations. This guide will explore the key differences, component,s and applications of overhead cranes and hoists to help you determine which lifting solution best suits your needs.

Puente grúa

Hoist

What Is a Double Hoist Overhead Crane?

A double hoist overhead crane is a heavy-duty lifting system equipped with two hoists on a single bridge, allowing simultaneous handling of multiple loads. If one hoist fails, the other can still operate. The double hoist overhead crane is ideal for high-capacity lifting and precision load positioning, such as assembly lines, steel plants, shipyards, etc. Compared to single-hoist cranes, double-hoist models offer greater flexibility, efficiency, and load distribution control.

What is a Hoist?

The hoist is the core lifting mechanism that can be used to lift and lower loads, including electric, pneumatic, or manual. The hoist can operate as a standalone device or be integrated into a bridge crane, jib crane or gantry crane system. Weihua provides different types of hoists, including electric wire rope hoist, European electric hoist, and chain hoist, etc. If you don’t know how to choose the right hoist, please contact us for a customized lifting solution.

Cd1 Md1 Electric Wire Rope Hoist​

European Hoist

Electric Chain Hoist

Overhead Crane Parts and Functions

An overhead crane consists of bridge, trolley, end truck, runway beams & rails, control systems, and other components. The following are the features of each part:

• Bridge: The horizontal beam that supports the trolley and hoist.
• Trolley: Moves the hoist along the bridge.
• End Trucks: Wheeled structures that allow the crane to travel along the runway.
• Runway Beams & Rails: Support the crane’s movement.
• Control systems: Pendant or remote-operated systems for safe maneuvering.

For a detailed analysis of overhead crane components, check out this article: Overhead Crane Parts

Overhead Crane Hoist Limit Switches

Limit switches are the key safety device to prevent overtravel. They include upper limit switches, lower limit switches, and trolley travel limits.

The upper limit switch stops the hoist before it reaches its maximum height. The lower limit switch prevents the hook from being lowered excessively. The trolley travel is limited to avoid collision with the end of the rail.

Regular testing of limit switches is important for safe crane operation and OSHA compliance.

Overhead Crane Hoist Inspection Checklist

To maintain safety and performance, conduct regular inspections:

• Wire Rope/Chain: Check for wear, fraying, or deformation.
• Hook & Latch: Ensure no cracks or bending.
• Brakes: Test stopping power under load.
• Limit Switches: Verify proper function.
• Electrical Components: Inspect wiring and controls.
• Structural Integrity: Look for cracks or deformations in beams.

Customized Hoist Overhead Cranes

When selecting an overhead hoist crane, please consider the following tips:

• Load Capacity: Match hoist and bridge strength to your needs.
• Duty Cycle: Frequent use requires heavy-duty components.
• Environment: Corrosion-resistant materials for harsh conditions.
• Safety Features: Look for overload protection and fail-safe brakes.
• Customization: Adjust span, height, and controls for specific tasks.

Conclusion

Understanding the difference between overhead cranes and hoists, their components, and safety features helps in selecting the right equipment for industrial lifting. Whether you need a double hoist crane for heavy loads or a standard overhead crane for warehouse use, proper inspection and maintenance are key to long-term efficiency.

For more details on crane selection, parts, and safety, please contact Weihua Crane today!